body {
  font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
  margin: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fef7ff 0%, #f0f9ff 30%, #f0fdf4 60%, #fefce8 100%);
  color: #1a1a1a;
  min-height: 100vh;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1065px;
  margin: 40px auto 0 auto;
  padding-left: 8px; /* or even 0px for flush left */
  padding-right: 24px;
}

header {
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
}

nav {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0.15rem 1.1rem;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); /* slightly transparent white */
  border-radius: 2rem;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 24px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.07);
  min-height: 40px;
}

.logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1a1a1a;
}

.profile-img {
  width: 42px;   /* Reduced from 48px */
  height: 42px;  /* Reduced from 48px */
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.0rem  /* Reduced from 2.5rem to bring items closer */
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

nav a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #101318;  /* Lighter gray instead of black */
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  transition: color 0.2s;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.7rem;
  border-radius: 1rem;
}

nav a:hover {
  color: #0077ff;
  background: #f0f6ff;
}

main {
  max-width: 1065px;
  margin: 4rem auto 2rem auto;  /* Increased top margin from 2rem to 4rem */
  padding: 0 2rem;
}

section {
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

h1, h2 {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* Typography - larger sizes like Vishnu's */
body {
  font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #1a1a1a;
}

/* Tagline - more eye-catching and darker */
.about-text h1 {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;  /* Increased from 500 for more impact */
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 2.5rem 0;
  color: #000000;  /* Pure black instead of gray */
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  text-transform: none;
}

/* Remove the strong tags from your HTML */
.about-text h1 strong {
  font-weight: inherit;
}

/* Main heading - also darker */
.about-text h2 {
  font-size: 3.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;
  color: #403c3c;  
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

/* Body text - darker but not as dark as headings */
.about-text p {
  font-size: 1.375rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;
  color: #1a1a1a;  /* Darker than before */
}

/* Section headings */
h2 {
  font-size: 2.25rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
  color: #000000;  /* Pure black */
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

/* Navigation - also darker */
nav a {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #838992;  /* Your blue color */
}

/* Logo text */
.logo {
  font-size: 1rem;  /* Reduced from 1.25rem to make it smaller */
  font-weight: 500;  /* Reduced from 600 to make it lighter */
  color: #1a1a1a;  /* Very dark gray - almost black with tiny drop of white */
}

/* Footer */
.footer-left, .footer-right a {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #6b7280;
}

/* Splash screen */
.splash-text {
  font-size: 4.5rem;  
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
}

.splash-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #9ca3af;
}

.splash-subtitle_bottom-text {
  font-size: 1em;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #343440;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 2.5em;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  text-align: center;
}

.footer-content {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  max-width: 1065px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 1.5rem 2rem 1.5rem 2rem;
}

.footer-left {
  color: #6c7280;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.footer-right a {
  color: #6c7280;
  text-decoration: none;
  margin-left: 2.5rem;
  font-size: 1rem;
  position: relative;
  transition: color 0.2s;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.footer-right a:hover {
  color: #0077ff;
}

.arrow {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: 0.3em;
  transition: transform 0.18s cubic-bezier(.4,1.5,.5,1);
}

.footer-right a:hover .arrow {
  transform: translate(8px, -8px) rotate(18deg) scale(1.2);
}

footer {
  background: none;
  border-top: none;
  box-shadow: none;
  color: #6c7280;
  font-size: 1rem;
  padding: 0;
}

#about, .about-flex {
  /* Removed negative margin that was pushing content to the right */
}

.about-flex .profile-img {
  width: 80px;             /* Reduced from 120px */
  height: 80px;            /* Reduced from 120px */
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

/* Splash Screen Styles */
#splash-screen {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: #000;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  z-index: 9999;
  opacity: 1;
  transition: opacity 0.8s ease-in-out;
}

#splash-screen.fade-out {
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.splash-content {
  text-align: center;
  color: white;
}

.splash-text {
  font-size: 8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
}

.splash-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  margin: 1rem 0 0 0;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  color: #ccc;
}

/* Hide main content initially */
.container {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  transition: opacity 0.8s ease-in-out, transform 0.8s ease-in-out;
}

.container.show {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Playground Intro Styles - OUTSIDE any frame */
.playground-intro {
  text-align: left;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1065px;  /* Changed from 1065px to match other pages */
  margin: 2.5rem 0 4rem 0;  /* Changed to match other pages */
  padding: 0 -4rem;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.playground-intro h1 {
  font-size: 2.5rem; /* Same as "Build. Automate. Optimize." */
  font-weight: 600;   /* Same as "Build. Automate. Optimize." */
  line-height: 1.2;   /* Same as "Build. Automate. Optimize." */
  margin: 0 0 2.5rem 0; /* Same as "Build. Automate. Optimize." */
  color: #000000;     /* Same as "Build. Automate. Optimize." */
  letter-spacing: -0.025em; /* Same as "Build. Automate. Optimize." */
  text-transform: none;
}

.playground-intro p {
  font-size: 1.375rem;    /* Same as paragraphs in index.html */
  font-weight: 400;       /* Same as paragraphs in index.html */
  line-height: 1.7;       /* Same as paragraphs in index.html */
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;  /* Same as paragraphs in index.html */
  color: #1a1a1a;        /* Same as paragraphs in index.html */
  max-width: 1065px;       /* Increased width for better text flow */
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-right: auto;
  word-wrap: normal;      /* Prevent weird word breaks */
  white-space: normal;    /* Allow natural text wrapping */
  hyphens: none;          /* Prevent automatic hyphenation */
  overflow-wrap: normal;  /* Use normal word breaking */
}

.playground-intro p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-weight: 400;       /* Same as other paragraphs */
  color: #1a1a1a;        /* Same as other paragraphs */
}

/* Chatbot Container - SINGLE frame */
.chatbot-container {
  margin-top: 2rem;
  padding: 2rem;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  border-radius: 1.5rem;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  width: 100%;
}

.chatbot-container h3 {
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #1a1a1a;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Chat window - NO additional frame, just styling */
.chat-window {
  border: 1px solid rgba(229, 231, 235, 0.5);
  border-radius: 1rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.chat-messages {
  height: 400px;
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #f1f5f9 100%);
}

.message {
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.2rem;
  border-radius: 1rem;
  max-width: 80%;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  position: relative;
}

.bot-message {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e0f2fe 0%, #b3e5fc 100%);
  color: #0c4a6e;
  margin-right: auto;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.3rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(186, 230, 253, 0.6);
  white-space: pre-line;
}

.user-message {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0fdf4 0%, #dcfce7 100%);
  color: #166534;
  margin-left: auto;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.3rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(187, 247, 208, 0.6);
}

.chat-input {
  display: flex;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  background: white;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(229, 231, 235, 0.3);
}

.chat-input input {
  flex: 1;
  padding: 1rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(209, 213, 219, 0.5);
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
  margin-right: 0.75rem;
  font-size: 1rem;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  background: #f8fafc;
}

.chat-input input:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: #0ea5e9;
  background: white;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.1);
}

.chat-input button {
  padding: 1rem 2rem;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0ea5e9 0%, #06b6d4 100%);
  color: white;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.2);
}

.chat-input button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.3);
}

/* Custom scrollbar for chat messages */
.chat-messages::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 6px;
}

.chat-messages::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: rgba(241, 245, 249, 0.5);
  border-radius: 3px;
}

.chat-messages::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0ea5e9 0%, #06b6d4 100%);
  border-radius: 3px;
}

.chat-messages::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0284c7 0%, #0891b2 100%);
}

/* Loading animation */
.message.bot-message p:contains("Thinking...") {
  animation: pulse 1.5s infinite;
}

@keyframes pulse {
  0%, 100% { opacity: 1; }
  50% { opacity: 0.5; }
}

/* Work link styling - matches bold words from index.html */
.work-link {
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: #1a1a1a;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.work-link:hover {
  color: #0ea5e9; /* Your blue color for hover effect */
}

.work-link strong {
  font-weight: 700; /* Same as your bold words in index.html */
}



/* Typography colors consistent with site */
.item-list li,
.quote-card p {
  color: #1a1a1a; /* primary body text */
}

.quote-meta,
.about-cta {
  color: #6b7280; /* muted secondary text */
}


.about-section + .about-section {
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
}

.about-section h2 {
  font-size: 2.25rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
  color: #000000;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.item-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.item-list li {
  margin: 0.5rem 0;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  color: #1a1a1a;
}

.item-list.two-cols {
  columns: 2;
  column-gap: 2rem;
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .item-list.two-cols { columns: 1; }
}

.quote-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem;
}
@media (min-width: 720px) {
  .quote-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
}

.quote-card {
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(229,231,235,0.6);
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
}

.quote-card p {
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #1a1a1a;
}

.quote-meta {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: #6b7280;
}

.about-cta {
  margin-top: 3rem;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  color: #6b7280;
}

/* About sections – force left alignment and consistent colors */
.about-sections { 
  text-align: left !important; 
  max-width: 900px; 
  margin: 2.5rem auto 4rem auto; 
  padding: 0 2rem; 
  margin-left: -12px;
}

.about-sections h2,
.about-sections p,
.about-sections li,
.about-sections .quote-card,
.about-sections .quote-meta,
.about-sections .about-cta {
  text-align: left !important;
}

.about-sections p,
.about-sections li,
.about-sections .quote-card p {
  color: #1a1a1a !important;
}

.about-sections .quote-meta,
.about-sections .about-cta {
  color: #6b7280 !important;
}

.about-sections .about-cta a {
  color: #0ea5e9;
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.about-sections .about-cta a:hover { color: #0284c7; }

/* About sections – force left alignment and site colors */
#about .about-sections { 
  text-align: left !important;
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 2.5rem auto 4rem auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  margin-left: -12px; /* align with other sections */
}
#about .about-sections * { text-align: left !important; }

#about .about-sections h2 { color: #000 !important; }
#about .about-sections p,
#about .about-sections li,
#about .about-sections .quote-card p { color: #1a1a1a !important; }

#about .about-sections .quote-meta,
#about .about-sections .about-cta { color: #6b7280 !important; }

#about .about-sections .about-cta a { color: #0ea5e9 !important; text-decoration: underline; }
#about .about-sections .about-cta a:hover { color: #0284c7 !important; }

/* Certifications carousel */
.cert-carousel {
  position: relative;
  margin: 1rem 0 2rem 0;
}

.cert-track {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  padding-bottom: .25rem;
  -ms-overflow-style: none;
  scrollbar-width: none;
}
.cert-track::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }

.cert-card {
  flex: 0 0 80%;
  max-width: 80%;
  scroll-snap-align: center;
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(229,231,235,0.6);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .cert-card { flex-basis: 48%; max-width: 48%; }
}
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .cert-card { flex-basis: 32%; max-width: 32%; }
}

.cert-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
}

.cert-nav {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  height: 36px;
  width: 36px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(229,231,235,0.8);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  cursor: pointer;
  color: #1a1a1a;
}
.cert-nav.prev { left: -6px; }
.cert-nav.next { right: -6px; }
.cert-nav:hover { background: #fff; }

/* Embla Carousel Styles - Peek Effect with Parallax */
.embla {
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 2rem 0;
}

.embla__viewport {
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 100%;
}

.embla__container {
  display: flex;
  user-select: none;
  -webkit-touch-callout: none;
  -khtml-user-select: none;
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
  gap: 1rem; /* Space between slides */
}

.embla__slide {
  flex: 0 0 calc(33.333% - 0.67rem); /* Show 3 slides at once */
  min-width: 0;
  position: relative;
  height: 320px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 12px;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.embla__slide {
  transition: 
    transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1), 
    box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1),
    opacity 0.3s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);
}

.embla__slide:hover {
  transform: scale(1.06);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(30, 64, 175, 0.13), 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  z-index: 2;
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Center slide (active) - make it more prominent */
.embla__slide.is-selected {
  transform: scale(1.05);
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Side slides - slightly smaller and less prominent */
.embla__slide:not(.is-selected) {
  transform: scale(0.95);
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.embla__slide__img.embla__parallax__img {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
  will-change: transform;
}

.embla__parallax {
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 12px;
}

.embla__parallax__layer {
  position: relative;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  will-change: transform;
}

/* Enhanced navigation buttons */
.embla__controls {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
}

.embla__buttons {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  order: 1; /* Left side */
}

.embla__button {
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 2px solid #e5e7eb;
  border-radius: 50%;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.embla__button:hover {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border-color: #d1d5db;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.embla__button:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.embla__button:disabled {
  opacity: 0.4;
  cursor: not-allowed;
  transform: none;
  background: #f3f4f6;
  border-color: #e5e7eb;
}

.embla__button__svg {
  width: 22px;
  height: 22px;
  fill: #6b7280;
  transition: fill 0.3s ease;
}

.embla__button:hover .embla__button__svg {
  fill: #374151;
}

.embla__dots {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  order: 2; /* Right side */
}

.embla__dot {
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #d1d5db;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  position: relative;
}

.embla__dot.is-selected {
  background: #64748b;  /* Muted blue-gray */
  border-color: #64748b;
  transform: scale(1.2);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(100, 116, 139, 0.2);
}

.embla__dot:hover {
  background: #9ca3af;
  transform: scale(1.1);
  border-color: #9ca3af;
}

/* Photo Collage Styles - Original Size */
.photo-collage {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0; /* No spaces between images */
  margin: 2rem 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  
}

.collage-item {
  flex: 0 0 auto; /* Don't force equal widths */
}

.collage-item img {
  width: auto; /* Original width */
  height: auto; /* Original height */
  display: block; /* Remove any default spacing */
  max-width: none; /* Don't constrain width */
  max-height: none; /* Don't constrain height */
}

/* Remove all hover effects and transitions */
.collage-item:hover {
  transform: none;
}

.collage-item:hover img {
  transform: none;
}

.experience-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  margin: 2rem 0 2.5rem 0;
}

.experience-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.1em;
  margin-bottom: 1.2em;
}


.exp-company {
  color: #111;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none !important; /* Remove default underline */
  font-size: 1.7rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  transition: color 0.18s;
}

.exp-company::after {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: #000000;
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scaleX(1);
  transform-origin: right;
  transition: opacity 0.38s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1), transform 0.6s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);
  border-radius: 1px;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.exp-company:hover,
.exp-company:focus {
  color: #1d3fa6;
}

.exp-company:hover::after,
.exp-company:focus::after {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scaleX(0);
}

.exp-link {
  color: #111;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none !important; /* Remove default underline */
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  transition: color 0.18s;
}

.exp-link::after {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: #000000;
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scaleX(1);
  transform-origin: right;
  transition: opacity 0.38s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1), transform 0.6s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);
  border-radius: 1px;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.exp-link:hover,
.exp-link:focus {
  color: #1d3fa6;
}

.exp-link:hover::after,
.exp-link:focus::after {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scaleX(0);
}

.exp-role {
  min-width: 180px;
  color: #222;
  font-size: 1.7rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.exp-description {
  color: #6b6d75;
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  margin-top: 0.1em;
  margin-left: 0;
  display: block;
  font-weight: 400;
  width: 100%;
}

::selection {
  background: #d14424;   /* Orange background */
  color: #fff;           /* White text (optional, for contrast) */
}

/* For Firefox */
::-moz-selection {
  background: #d14424;
  color: #fff;
}

.book-collage {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.6rem;           /* Smaller gap */
  margin: 2rem 0;
  overflow: hidden;      /* Prevents scroll bar */
  justify-content: center; /* Center the row if you like */
}

.collage-book {
  flex: 0 0 200px;        /* Smaller width */
  height: 240px;         /* Smaller height */
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 0;      /* No rounding */
  overflow: visible;
  background: none;      /* No background */
  box-shadow: none;      /* No shadow */
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}


.collage-book img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
}



.case-studies {
  margin: 3rem 0;
}
.case-studies h2 {
  color: #6b6d75;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 28px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* grid */
.case-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column; /* stack cards vertically */
  gap: 1.1rem;
  align-items: stretch;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1000px; /* adjust as needed to limit column width */
  margin: 0 auto; /* center the column */
}

/* ensure cards fill the column width */
.case-card {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: transparent;
  border: none;
  transition: box-shadow 700ms cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1), opacity 520ms ease;
}

/* keep the working hover overlay */
.case-card::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(16,24,40,0.06) 0%, rgba(16,24,40,0.06) 100%);
  transform-origin: left center;
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transition: transform 700ms cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1), opacity 520ms ease;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 2;
}

/* keep the two-column layout */
.case-link {
  display: flex;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  gap: 0;
  align-items: stretch;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* align media icons closer to the left */
.case-media {
  flex: 0 0 260px;
  width: 480px;
  min-width: 460px;
  height: 360px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-start; /* align content to the left */
  overflow: hidden;
  background: transparent;
  margin-left: 0; /* ensure no extra margin on the left */
}

.case-media img {
  width: auto;
  height: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  padding: 0;
  border-radius: 12px; /* ← match frame corners */
}

.case-body {
  flex: 1 1 54%;
  padding: 1.25rem 1rem 1.25rem 0rem; /* top, right, bottom, left */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;  /* centers content vertically */
  gap: 0.15rem;            /* reduced gap between elements */
  background: transparent;
  min-height: 340px;       /* match image height to ensure vertical centering */
}

.case-title {
  text-align: left;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #6b6d75;          /* match the specified gray */
  margin: 0 0 1rem 0;   /* small bottom margin only */
  padding: 0;
}

.case-desc {
  text-align: left;
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.3;        /* slightly tighter line height */
  color: #000000;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;    /* space before tags */
  padding: 0;
}

.case-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem; /* space between tags */
}

.tag {
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: transparent; /* transparent interior */
  color: #6b6d75;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.9rem;
  border: 1.5px solid #ccc; 
  border-radius: 9999px;     /* makes it oval */
  line-height: 1;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: border-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

/* keep hover effects working */
.case-card:hover::before,
.case-card:focus-within::before {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.page-ellipsis {
  text-align: left;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.5rem;
  color: #000000;
  margin: 4rem 0 2rem 2rem;
  user-select: none;
}

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